Dang Shen (Codonopsis pilosula) – A Comprehensive Overview

Dang Shen (Codonopsis pilosula) - A Comprehensive Overview

《中药大辞典》:党参 拼音Dǎnɡ Shēn 别名上党人参 (Shangdang Renshen), 黄参 (Huangshen), 狮头参 (Shitou Shen), 中灵草 (Zhonglingcao). 出处《本草从新》 来源为桔梗科植物党参 (Dǎnɡ Shēn) 的根。秋季采挖,除去地上部分,洗净泥土,晒至半干,用手或木板搓揉,使皮部与木质部贴紧,饱满柔软,然后再晒再搓,反复3~4次,最后晒干即成。 原形态党参,又名:辽参、三叶菜、叶子草。 多年生草本。根长圆柱形,直径1~1.7厘米,顶端有一膨大的根头,具多数瘤状的茎痕,外皮乳黄色至淡灰棕色,有纵横皱纹。茎缠绕,长而多分歧,下部疏生白色粗糙硬毛,上部光滑或近于光滑。叶对生、互生或假轮生:具柄,叶柄长0.5~4厘米,被疏柔毛:叶片卵形或广卵形,长1~7厘米,宽0.8~5.5厘米,先端钝或尖,基部截形或浅心形,全缘或微波状,上面绿色,被粗伏毛,下面粉绿色,密被疏柔毛。花单生,具细花梗;花萼绿色,具5裂片,裂片长圆状披针形,先端钝,光滑或稍被茸毛;花冠广钟形,直径2~2.5厘米,淡黄绿色,且有淡紫堇色斑点,先端5裂,裂片三角形至广三角形,直立;雄蕊5,花丝中部以下扩大;子房上位,3室,胚珠多数,花柱短,柱头3,极阔,呈漏斗状。蒴果圆锥形,3室,有宿存花萼。种子小,褐色有光泽。花期8~9月。果期9~10月。 生境分部生于山地灌木丛中及林缘,分布东北及河北、河南、山西、陕西、甘肃、内蒙古、青海等地。 性状党参药材由于产地不同,有西党、东党、潞党等三种。 ①西党 根部类圆柱形,末端较细,长8~20厘米,直径约5~13毫米。根头部有许多疣状突起的茎痕,俗称”狮子盘头”,每个茎痕呈凹下点状。表面灰黄色或浅棕黄色,有明显纵沟,近根头处有紧密的环状皱纹,逐渐稀疏约占全体之半。皮孔横长、明显,略突出,长约0.3~0.8厘米。支根脱落处常见黑褐色胶状物,系内部乳汁溢出干燥所成。质稍坚脆,易折断。断面皮部白色,有裂隙,木部淡黄色。气特殊,味微甜。以根条肥大、粗实、皮紧、横纹多、味甜者为佳。 主产陕西、甘肃。 ②东党 根类圆柱形,常分歧。长12~25厘米,直径约5~22毫米。根头大而明显,根外皮黄色及灰黄色,粗糙,有明显纵皱。皮孔短而突出,呈点状突起。质疏松,易折断。断面皮部黄色,木部黄白色,皮部占本部之1/3,皮部有横向裂隙,木部射线亦成裂隙。以根条肥大、外皮黄色、皮紧肉实、皱纹多者为佳。 主产东北等地。 ③潞党 根类扁圆柱形,单一,长约8~22厘米,直径约7~10毫米,亦有较长大者。根头部无明显”狮子盘头”。根表面浅灰棕色,有深而不规则的纵皱沟,近根头处有较稀横纹。质较轻,易折断,断面不规则。气微,无香气,味甜。以独支不分叉、色白、肥壮粗长者为佳。 主产山西,多为栽培品。野生于山西五台山等地者称”台党”。 化学成分党参根含皂甙、微量生物碱、蔗糖、葡萄糖、菊糖、淀粉、粘液及树脂等。 川党参根含挥发油、黄芩素萄萄糖甙、微量生物碱、多糖、菊糖、皂甙。 药理作用①对血细胞的影响 党参根的醇、水浸膏口服或皮下注射,可使正常兔的红细胞及血红蛋白略有增加;摘除脾脏后,作用显着减弱,故推测其”补血”作用,可能与脾脏有关。此时白细胞则有减少倾向。北党参据云无此作用。党参浸液1:40在试管内无溶血现象,但与红细胞作用后,可变色,发生浑浊、沉淀。 ②对血糖的影响 对兔腹部皮下注射党参浸膏,可使血糖升高;但如注射发酵后的浸膏或灌胃给药,则无比作用,故认为其升高血糖乃因根中含多量糖分所致;它也不能抑制因注射利尿素而发生的神经性高血糖。据初步试验,北党参灌胃,能升高血糖。 ③降压作用 醇、水浸膏静脉或腹腔注射,能降低麻醉犬的血压,据初步分析,认为是属于末梢性的;并有某些抗肾上腺素作用;其水浸液或醇、水浸出液也有降低麻醉动物血压的作用,并能抑制离体蟾蜍心脏。对慢性高血压犬,每日灌服水浸液4克(生药)/公斤,未见有降压作用。 同属植物的根的提取物或总甙,长期(40天)喂兔,可增加红细胞敷(17.5%),增加体重(23%);对松节油引起的白细胞增多症有预防及治疗功效;长期口服,内脏器官未发现有何病理改变。总甙予小鼠口服,小量可增强呼吸,大量可降低水合氯醛之麻醉:对士的宁反似有某些拮抗作用。 炮制党参:洗净泥沙后润透去芦,切片或切段,晒干。炒党参:将麸皮置于加热之锅内,至锅上起烟时,加入党参片,拌炒至深黄色,取出筛去麸皮,放凉。(每党参100斤,用麸皮20斤) 性味甘,平。 ①《本经逢原》:”甘,平。” ②《本草再新》:”甘,平,无毒。” 归经《得配本草》:”入手、足太阴经气分。” 功能主治补中,益气,生津。治脾胃虚弱,气血两亏,体倦无力,食少,口渴,久泻,脱肛。 ①《本经逢原》:”清肺。” ②《本草从新》:”补中益气,和脾胃,除烦渴。” ③《纲目拾遗》:”治肺虚,益肺气。” ④《科学的民间药草》:”补血剂。适用于慢性贫血,萎黄病,白血病,腺病,佝偻病。” ⑤《中药材手册》:”治虚劳内伤,肠胃中冷,滑泻久痢,气喘烦渴,发热自汗,妇女血崩、胎产诸病。” 用法用量内服:煎汤,3~5钱,大剂1~2两;熬膏或入丸、散。 注意有实邪者忌服。 《得配本草》:”气滞、怒火盛者禁用。” 复方①清肺金,补元气,开声音,助筋力:党参一斤(软甜者,切片),沙参半斤(切片),桂圆肉四两。水煎浓汁,滴水成珠,用磁器盛贮.每用一酒杯,空心滚水冲服,冲入煎药亦可。(《得配本草》上党参膏) … Read more

How to Differentiate Between Wind-Cold and Wind-Heat Colds? Observing Emotions Can Help

How to Differentiate Between Wind-Cold and Wind-Heat Colds? Observing Emotions Can Help

Introduction Although we are familiar with colds, they are common and often affect our bodies. However, our understanding of colds is not as comprehensive as we might think. Many people struggle to differentiate between the basic types of colds, which can complicate treatment. Some individuals may resort to medication without being able to distinguish the … Read more

The Initial Appearance of Fever Symptoms in Exogenous Diseases is Actually a ‘Good Phenomenon’

The Initial Appearance of Fever Symptoms in Exogenous Diseases is Actually a 'Good Phenomenon'

A day’s plan starts in the morning. It’s morning writing time again. I reviewed the case I provided advice on yesterday and wanted to note a few points as a warning: Being able to treat a cold is actually the lightest of diseases. It is also the easiest disease to overlook, as everyone knows that … Read more

The Treasure of Traditional Acupuncture in Shandong

The Treasure of Traditional Acupuncture in Shandong

The Treasure of Traditional Acupuncture in Shandong In the ancient land of Shandong, there lies a magical power—zhēn jiǔ (acupuncture). This is not merely a treatment method, but a profound medical art. Whenever this art is mentioned, Grandpa Wang’s eyes always sparkle with excitement: “Back in my clinic, I personally witnessed many patients relieve their … Read more

Is It Advisable to Soak Chinese Herbs Overnight and Reboil Them the Next Morning?

Is It Advisable to Soak Chinese Herbs Overnight and Reboil Them the Next Morning?

Generally, it is not recommended to soak Chinese herbs overnight and reboil them the next morning. Chinese herbal medicine typically consists of components from plants such as roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. Most herbal materials are dehydrated and dried, and during the preparation of Chinese medicine, it is necessary to soak them for about 30 … Read more

Astragalus and One Treasure: A Natural Immunity Booster for October! Stabilizes Three Highs, Nourishes Qi and Activates Blood, Keeping You Healthy!

Astragalus and One Treasure: A Natural Immunity Booster for October! Stabilizes Three Highs, Nourishes Qi and Activates Blood, Keeping You Healthy!

Click on “Mai Mai Health” to followfor disease inquiries, health guidance, classic wellness tips, and no need to seek help when unwellNowadays, one can clearly feel the chill in the morning and evening. As the temperature drops, the body’s Yang Qi gradually weakens, making it easier for immunity to decline. Coupled with the increasing dryness … Read more

Does Drinking Astragalus Water Harm the Kidneys? Warning: These 4 Chinese Herbs Are Truly Harmful to the Kidneys

Does Drinking Astragalus Water Harm the Kidneys? Warning: These 4 Chinese Herbs Are Truly Harmful to the Kidneys

“Recently, I’ve been feeling dizzy, so I won’t be going to the square dance.” Grandma Wang declined her friend’s invitation. Grandma Wang has been experiencing frequent dizziness, palpitations, and insomnia, making her look quite haggard, unable to even dance her beloved square dance. Her friend was very worried upon seeing her like this and asked … Read more

Astragalus Prevents 12 Major Diseases: No Wonder More People Are Using It! Affordable and Effective!

Astragalus Prevents 12 Major Diseases: No Wonder More People Are Using It! Affordable and Effective!

Disease Inquiry, Health Guidance, Classic Health Preservation, No Need to Seek Help When Sick Astragalus (Huang Qi) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal herb with high nutritional value, and its health benefits are enhanced when brewed as a tea. Regular consumption can not only boost the immune system but also protect the cardiovascular system. … Read more

The Essence of Gua Sha: A Must-Read!

The Essence of Gua Sha: A Must-Read!

Follow us for daily free access to exciting health articles! Gua Sha is guided by the theory of meridians and acupoints in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). It involves the use of specialized Gua Sha tools and corresponding techniques, applying a certain medium to repeatedly scrape and rub the skin surface, resulting in localized changes such … Read more

Remarkable Effects of Pediatric Acupuncture: A Grandmother’s Gratitude

Remarkable Effects of Pediatric Acupuncture: A Grandmother's Gratitude

On the morning of December 19, a grandmother of a young patient visited Panjiang General Hospital, presenting a banner embroidered with the words “Miao Jiu Shen Zhen Yi Bai Bing, De Yi Shuang Xin Chuan Si Fang” (Miraculous Moxibustion and Divine Acupuncture Cure All Illnesses, Virtue and Artistry Spread Far and Wide) to Dr. Wang … Read more