1. Standards for Differentiating Xu and Shi The primary criterion for distinguishing between Xu (deficiency) and Shi (excess) is the pulse. A strong pulse indicates Shi, and one that is weak indicates Xu. The differentiation between Shi and Xu based on the strength of the pulse is very clear and accurate. In the context of … Read more
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is characterized by two main principles: a holistic perspective and the differentiation of syndromes for treatment. Among the various methods of syndrome differentiation, such as the “Eight Principles”, “Six Meridians”, “Zang-Fu”, “Wei-Qi-Ying-Xue”, and “San Jiao”, the “Eight Principles” serve as the foundation for all other differentiations. The content of the Eight … Read more
The differentiation of exterior and interior syndromes is a method for identifying the location of disease, the severity of the condition, and the trend of the disease. It focuses on distinguishing between internal and external disease locations and the depth of the disease. The skin, muscles, and meridians are considered external (biao), while the five … Read more
The Eight Principles of Diagnosis The Eight Principles, namely Yin, Yang, Exterior, Interior, Cold, Heat, Deficiency, and Excess, are one of the theoretical foundations for syndrome differentiation and treatment. Through the four examinations, after grasping the diagnostic information, a comprehensive analysis is conducted based on the depth of the disease location, the nature and severity … Read more
Clickthe blue textto follow us Discussion on Master-Disciple Relationships Exterior and Interior Syndromes, are among the earliest concepts encountered by students of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Initially, it may seem confusing, but over time, it becomes increasingly overlooked, and the concepts of exterior and interior become more and more blurred. Today, let’s re-familiarize ourselves with … Read more
Exterior and Interior Syndrome Differentiation The differentiation of exterior and interior refers to a method of identifying the location of the disease, whether it is internal or external, and the severity and depth of the condition. Exterior and interior are relative concepts. Generally speaking, the skin, muscles, and meridians are considered the exterior, and diseases … Read more