Classification of Constitution: The Simplicity of the Great Way

Normal

1. Normal Constitution:

A person with balanced Yin and Yang, normal physical strength and spirit, a moist complexion, good appetite, regular bowel and urinary habits, a pale red tongue, and a thin white coating. The pulse is calm, even, and strong.

Deficiency

2. Deficiency:

1. Yin Deficiency Heat: Lean individuals with excess heat, dry mouth and throat, dizziness, insomnia, five hearts heat, night sweats, and soreness in the lower back and knees. The tongue is red with little coating, and the pulse is thin and rapid.

2. Yang Deficiency Cold: Pale complexion without luster, cold extremities, aversion to cold, preference for warm food and drinks, loose stools, and clear urine. The tongue is pale with teeth marks. The pulse is slow and weak.

3. Qi and Blood Deficiency: Shortness of breath, reluctance to speak, fatigue, spontaneous sweating, pale or sallow complexion. Palpitations, anxiety, and insomnia. The tongue is pale and tender, and the pulse is thin and weak.

Excess

3. Excess:

1. Yang Hyperactivity with Excess Heat: Red face and eyes, restlessness, thirst with a preference for cold drinks, short and red urine, constipation. The tongue is red with a yellow coating, and the pulse is rapid and strong.

2. Damp Phlegm Stagnation: Overweight individuals with phlegm and dampness, dizziness, fullness in the abdomen, frequent loose stools, and poor appetite. May have excessive phlegm or skin eczema. The tongue coating is white and greasy, and the pulse is soft or slippery. Prolonged damp phlegm can lead to dark spots on the tongue and a dull complexion, indicating a stasis constitution. Dampness arises from irregular diet, excessive rich foods, and nutritional surplus. Accompanied by stagnation: irritability, easy anger, emotional instability, or depression, chest tightness, and frequent sighing.