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Cupping Methods:
The retention cupping method is the most commonly used technique in cupping therapy, also known as the sitting cupping method. It involves placing the cup on the skin and leaving it for a period of time. The retention time ranges from 5 to 20 minutes, depending on the patient’s condition, the disease, and the season. Generally, in summer and on thinner skin areas, the retention time should not be too long.
There are two forms of retention cupping:
One is the single cup method, which uses a single cup and is suitable for small areas of pathology.
The other is the multiple cup method, also known as the排罐法 (排罐法, 排罐法). This method uses multiple cups, generally following the pathways of muscle bundles, nerves, or meridians. If the body is strong, the cups can be placed closely together; if the body is weak, the cups should be spaced further apart. This method is suitable for broader areas of pathology.
Flash cupping method:
The flash cupping method involves holding a cup in one hand and using tweezers to hold a cotton ball soaked in alcohol or a cotton ball tied to a wire, igniting it, and then quickly placing the cup on the affected area of the patient. The cup is then immediately removed, and this process is repeated several times until the skin becomes red and shows bruising. This method is suitable for areas where the muscles are relatively relaxed.
Sliding cupping method:
The sliding cupping method, also known as the推罐法 (tuī guàn fǎ) or 拉罐法 (lā guàn fǎ), involves selecting a cup with a larger opening, thicker walls, and a smooth, undamaged surface. A thin layer of lubricant, such as liquid paraffin, petroleum jelly, or other plant oils, is applied to the area to be cupped. After using the flash fire method or the投火法 (tóu huǒ fǎ) to create suction on the skin, hold the bottom of the cup and tilt it slightly to slide it back and forth. The directions can be forward, backward, left, right, and can also include rotation. This is repeated several times until the skin becomes red and shows bruising. This method is suitable for large, flat areas of the body with thick, firm muscles, such as the back and waist.
Effects of cupping:
The cupping device has therapeutic effects of invigorating qi and blood, dispelling cold pathogens, and alleviating pain and swelling. It is suitable for conditions such as shoulder periarthritis, cervical spondylosis, rheumatoid arthritis, neuralgia, low back pain, trigeminal neuralgia, and sciatica.
Colors of cupping marks:
1. Dark purple-black cupping marks: Generally indicate insufficient blood supply and poor circulation with blood stasis.
2. Purple cupping marks with patches: Generally indicate cold congealing and blood stasis.
3. Cupping marks with scattered purple spots of varying shades: Indicate qi stagnation and blood stasis.
4. Bright red cupping marks: Generally indicate yin deficiency, qi and blood deficiency, or yin deficiency with excess heat.
5. Dark red cupping marks: Indicate high blood lipids and the presence of heat pathogens.
6. Gray-white cupping marks that feel cool to the touch: Often indicate deficiency cold or damp pathogens.
7. Cupping marks with skin texture or slight itching: Indicate wind pathogens or damp conditions.
8. Moisture on the inner wall of the cup: Indicates dampness in that area.
9. Cupping marks with blisters: Indicate heavy internal dampness; if the blisters contain blood, it is a reaction to damp-heat toxicity.
Precautions for cupping:
1. After guasha and cupping, do not take a cold shower or drink cold beverages for two hours. If taking a shower after two hours, use warm water.
2. During guasha and cupping, do not turn on the air conditioning or fan to avoid air convection.
3. Do not perform cupping on an overly full or hungry stomach; wait at least one hour after eating before cupping.
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