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Among these twelve acupuncture points, eight are located from the knee to the foot, and four are from the elbow to the hand.
San Li Xue (Stomach Three Li Point)
This point primarily treats “cold in the stomach” and can also be used for abdominal distension. Symptoms of cold in the stomach include bowel sounds resembling “gurgling…” and diarrhea. The “Four Major Points Song” states, “San Li retains the belly,” indicating that any gastrointestinal issues can be addressed at San Li. In surgical terms, it can treat leg swelling, knee pain, and shin soreness.
In internal medicine, it can address cold-type colds, as well as conditions like emaciation and fatigue due to chronic illness, where gastrointestinal function is severely impaired, leading to emaciation and “qi gu” (abdominal distension due to poor digestion and fluid retention).
Additionally, it is an excellent point for elderly care. For individuals over thirty, acupuncture at San Li can improve eyesight; as most people begin to develop presbyopia after forty, regular stimulation of this point can yield significant benefits, but precise location is crucial.
Needling should be done to a depth of eight fen or moxibustion applied three times. Based on my experience, frequent acupuncture at this point not only promotes longevity but also enhances walking ability for long distances or climbing.
There is a saying, “If you want peace, San Li should be frequently stimulated,” meaning that San Li should be regularly moxibusted to create moxibustion scars, even keeping it moist, which can treat age-related issues like high blood pressure. Regular moxibustion can significantly improve blood circulation, preventing excessive blood pressure increases.
Nei Ting Xue (Inner Court Point)
This is the Ying point of the Stomach Meridian of the Foot Yangming, located five fen between the second and third toes. It is primarily used to treat cold extremities and can also address the “heat signs of the Stomach Meridian” characterized by a preference for quiet and aversion to noise, as well as conditions like hives, sore throat, frequent yawning, and toothache.
Frequent yawning indicates a lack of oxygen. In TCM, teeth are associated with Yangming; lower teeth belong to the Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian, while upper teeth belong to the Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian, so toothache here refers to upper tooth pain. Additionally, if one is extremely weak and unable to eat, needling this point can provide immediate relief.
Qu Chi Xue (Pool at the Bend Point)
This is the He point of the Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian, located at the elbow. To locate it, slightly bend the arm with the palm facing the heart; the highest line of the meridian on the arm is the Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian, and the point at the elbow bend is called Qu Chi.
The “Twelve Points Song” states, “Qu Chi finds the hand in a fist,” indicating that it is effective for treating elbow pain. It can also treat “wind stroke,” which refers to hemiplegia, as well as inability to bend or retract the hand, indicating weakness and poor nerve function, making it difficult to draw a bow.
Thus, the “Twelve Points Song” states, “Wind stroke cannot retract the hand, cannot draw the bow.” When issues arise in the Large Intestine Meridian, it can also lead to “muscle relaxation, cannot comb hair.” Needling Qu Chi can also treat “throat obstruction leading to death,” indicating poor blood circulation in the throat, making it difficult to breathe, and can also treat fever, systemic urticaria, and hives, suggesting that Qu Chi also improves immune function.
He Gu Xue (Union Valley Point)
This is the Yuan point of the Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian, a significant point located in the web between the thumb and index finger, one cun above the opening of the web. It can treat “headaches and facial swelling.” The “Four Major Points Song” states, “He Gu treats facial and oral issues,” indicating that any problems with the face and mouth can be treated here; He Gu can also treat “malaria with alternating fever and chills,” which refers to the symptoms of malaria.
It can also treat dental issues and nosebleeds, as well as “locked jaw,” where the teeth are tightly clenched, making it difficult to speak. Needling this point to a depth of five fen can provide immediate relief, but caution is advised as He Gu and another point called San Yin Jiao should be approached carefully in pregnant women, as it may lead to miscarriage.
Wei Zhong Xue (Middle of the Knee Point)
This is the He point of the Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian, located at the back of the knee, at the bend where the thigh meets the calf, also known as the center of the horizontal crease of the knee.
It can be used to treat lower back pain that prevents standing straight, leading to a heavy feeling in the spine, and the muscles cannot relax. The “Four Major Points Song” also mentions the use of “Wei Zhong for lower back pain.” It can also treat “wind bi” (wind obstruction), which refers to blood flow obstruction. In ancient times, bi syndrome was classified into three categories: wind, cold, and damp. Wind bi is mobile, also known as “moving bi,” cold bi is very painful, known as “painful bi,” and damp bi is heavy and immobile, known as “stagnant bi.” Wind bi is caused by wind obstructing blood flow, hence the name. Why is it called “unpredictable”? Because the pain does not remain in one place but moves around.
It can also treat “difficulty bending and extending the knee,” where one cannot bend or extend the knee. “Needling provides immediate relief,” but caution is advised as this point should not be moxibusted due to the large blood vessel underneath.
Cheng Shan Xue (Supporting Mountain Point)
This is also a point on the Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian, located below the gastrocnemius muscle, known in ancient times as “Yuan,” which refers to the calf. This area resembles the belly of a fish, hence in the “Twelve Points Song” it is called “fish belly.” It is located between the gastrocnemius and the muscle and is effective for treating lower back pain and can also promote bowel movements, treating hemorrhoids and constipation, as well as “foot qi and knee swelling.” If the limbs are “sore and painful, with cholera and cramps, needling will provide relief.”
Tai Chong Xue (Great Surge Point)
This is the Shu point of the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian, also the Yuan point of the Liver Meridian, located about two cun above the space between the big toe and the second toe. The primary function of this point is to assess and understand a person’s life and death; if the pulse is found to be absent here, the person’s life is in danger.
This point can also treat “shock seizures,” which refers to convulsions, foaming at the mouth, and eyes rolling back due to fright. In TCM, sudden illnesses are referred to as wind, hence the term “shock seizures.”
Tai Chong can also treat throat issues and heart disease, as the liver meridian governs tendons, so it can also address difficulties in walking. Additionally, it can treat “prolapse” among the seven types of hernias, which refers to protrusion from one side of the scrotum or labia. Tai Chong is a very useful point. Besides Tai Chong, there is another point called “Triangle Moxibustion,” located below the navel; if the left side is protruding, moxibustion should be applied to the right side, and vice versa. Combined with Tai Chong, the effect is very good. Tai Chong can also treat cloudy vision, where the eyes appear hazy, as if covered. It can also treat lower back pain, and “needling has miraculous effects.”
Kun Lun Xue (Kun Lun Point)
This point belongs to the Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian. Among the “Twelve Points of Ma Dan Yang,” three are from the Bladder Meridian: Wei Zhong, Cheng Shan, and Kun Lun, located between the back of the outer ankle and the Achilles tendon. It can be used to treat foot cramps, as well as pain in the lower back and buttocks. It is also used to treat sudden asthma attacks, which refers to sudden shortness of breath and fullness in the heart area; it can also treat difficulty walking, where movement causes pain and groaning. If one seeks comfort, consider using Kun Lun for treatment. The combination of Kun Lun and Wei Zhong is very effective for treating lower back pain.
Huan Tiao Xue (Jumping Circle Point)
This point is located on the Gallbladder Meridian, at the upper side of the hip joint, a large point with thick muscle, requiring a long needle to reach the point, sometimes even a six-inch needle. The method of locating this point is unique: lie on the side, bend the lower leg, and keep the upper leg straight.
It can treat “waist pain that cannot be turned,” where one cannot bend or turn. It is effective for wind, cold, and damp bi; it can also treat pain radiating from the hip to the calf, where turning is heavy and painful, making it unbearable. Needling Huan Tiao can provide quick relief.
Yang Ling Quan (Yang Mound Spring Point)
This is the He point of the Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian, located in front of the knee, below the tibia, behind which is the fibula, known in modern medicine. The protrusion of the fibula is a small bone, and there is a hole in front of this small bone, called Yang Ling Quan.
The “Nanjing” mentions the so-called “Eight Meeting Points,” one of which is called “Muscle Meeting,” referring to Yang Ling Quan, which primarily treats muscle pain.
Tong Li Xue (Connecting Interior Point)
This is the Luo point of the Heart Meridian, located one cun above the wrist, at the position one cun above Shen Men. This point can treat “the desire to speak but unable to” and psychological issues like anxiety and restlessness.
If the patient has a strong constitution, they may experience heaviness in the limbs and redness in the head, cheeks, and face; if the patient is weak, they may be unable to eat, suddenly become mute, or have a pale and dull face. This point can be used for treatment.
Liao Que Xue (Deficiency Point)
This is the Luo point of the Lung Meridian, located at the intersection of the thumb and index finger, where the index finger points to the upper side of the wrist at the radial bone edge. It can be used to treat migraines, as well as numbness throughout the body, phlegm rising, and locked jaw. If the tonification and sedation are appropriate, it can provide relief. The “Four Major Points Song” states, “Seek Liao Que for head and neck issues,” indicating that any problems in the head and neck can be treated at this point.
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