淡白舌 (Pale White Tongue)
The pale white tongue is light red; it indicates Yang deficiency and blood deficiency leading to loss of nourishment.
This often signifies deficiency syndromes with cold dampness, or a combination of Qi and blood deficiency.
红舌 (Red Tongue)
The red tongue is a deep light red; it indicates excess heat causing Qi and blood to surge.
A red tongue with a yellow coating indicates excess heat, while a red tongue with little coating suggests deficiency heat.
绛舌 (Crimson Tongue)
The crimson tongue is deeper red than the red tongue; it indicates external pathogens or internal injuries with blood stasis.
Internal injuries with mixed diseases and excess fire, or external heat diseases burning Yin and nourishing fluids.
青紫舌 (Bluish-Purple Tongue)
The bluish tongue is pale purple with no red; it is deep crimson and dark purple in color.
The bluish color indicates Yin cold and blood stasis, while purple indicates excess heat causing Qi and blood stagnation.
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