1、Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza)

Dan Shen

【Song Verse】Dan Shen is bitter, breaks stasis and regulates menstruation, generates new blood and eliminates evil, expels excessive bleeding.

【Properties】Bitter, slightly cold. Enters the Heart, Pericardium, and Liver meridians.

【Functions】Activates blood circulation and regulates menstruation, dispels stasis and alleviates pain, cools the blood and resolves abscesses, calms the mind.

【Indications】Menstrual irregularities, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, postpartum abdominal pain due to stasis; blood stasis chest pain, abdominal pain, masses, trauma, and rheumatic pain; carbuncles and skin infections; irritability and confusion due to febrile diseases, palpitations, and insomnia.

【Dosage】Decocted, 5-15g. For activating blood circulation, it is better to use with wine. Use with caution in pregnant women.

2、Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum chuanxiong)

Chuan Xiong

【Song Verse】Chuan Xiong is pungent and warm, activates blood and opens the meridians, dispels cold and promotes Qi, disperses wind and alleviates pain.

【Properties】Pungent, warm. Enters the Liver, Gallbladder, and Pericardium meridians.

【Functions】Activates blood and promotes Qi, dispels wind and alleviates pain.

【Indications】Blood stasis and Qi stagnation pain; headaches, rheumatic pain.

3、Yi Mu Cao (Leonurus japonicus)

Yi Mu Cao

【Song Verse】Yi Mu Cao is bitter, primarily for women’s issues, postpartum and antepartum, generates new blood and dispels stasis.

【Properties】Pungent, bitter, slightly cold. Enters the Heart, Liver, and Bladder meridians.

【Functions】Activates blood and regulates menstruation, promotes urination and reduces swelling, clears heat and detoxifies.

【Indications】Blood stasis causing amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, obstructed menstruation, postpartum lochia retention, abdominal pain due to stasis; edema, difficulty urinating; trauma, carbuncles, skin infections.

【Dosage】10-30g.

4、Hong Hua (Carthamus tinctorius)

Hong Hua

【Song Verse】Hong Hua is pungent and warm, best at dispelling stasis heat; more promotes menstruation, less nourishes blood.

【Properties】Pungent, warm. Enters the Heart and Liver meridians.

【Functions】Activates blood and opens the meridians, dispels stasis and alleviates pain.

【Indications】Blood stasis causing amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, postpartum abdominal pain; masses; chest obstruction and heart pain, abdominal pain due to blood stasis, flank pain; trauma and swelling pain.

【Caution】Avoid use in pregnant women. Use with caution in those with bleeding tendencies.

5、Shui Zhi (Hirudo)

【Song Verse】Shui Zhi is salty, removes stasis and hard masses, opens the meridians and induces labor, can heal injuries.

【Properties】Salty, bitter, neutral. Slightly toxic. Enters the Liver meridian.

【Functions】Breaks blood, opens the meridians, dispels stasis and resolves masses.

【Indications】Blood stasis causing amenorrhea, masses; trauma, abdominal pain.

【Dosage】Decocted, 1.5-3g; powdered, 0.3-0.5g. Best used in pills, powders, or as a ground powder.

【Caution】Avoid use in pregnant women and those with excessive menstruation.

6、E Zhu (Curcuma zedoaria)

E Zhu

【Song Verse】E Zhu is warm and bitter, good at breaking masses, alleviating pain and dispelling stasis, best for regulating menstruation.

【Properties】Pungent, bitter, warm. Enters the Liver and Spleen meridians.

【Functions】Breaks blood, promotes Qi, dispels masses and alleviates pain.

【Indications】Masses, amenorrhea, abdominal pain due to stasis; food stagnation and abdominal distension.

7、Niu Xi (Achyranthes bidentata)

Niu Xi

【Song Verse】Niu Xi is bitter, dispels dampness and alleviates pain, relieves soreness in the waist and knees, promotes urination.

【Properties】Bitter, sweet, sour, neutral. Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians.

【Functions】Activates blood and opens the meridians, tonifies the Liver and Kidney, strengthens tendons and bones, promotes urination and clears heat.

【Indications】Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, abdominal pain during menstruation, retained placenta and trauma pain; soreness in the waist and knees, weakness in the lower limbs; dysuria, edema, difficulty urinating; headaches, dizziness, toothache, oral ulcers, hemoptysis, epistaxis.

【Differentiation of Medicinal Use】Both Chuan Niu Xi and Huai Niu Xi can activate blood circulation, tonify the Liver and Kidney, strengthen tendons and bones, promote urination, and clear heat. However, Chuan Niu Xi is better at activating blood circulation, while Huai Niu Xi is better at tonifying the Liver and Kidney and strengthening tendons and bones.

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