Bai BuBǎi Bù | |
---|---|
![]() |
|
Alias | Bai Tiao Gen, Bai Bu Cao, Nao Shi Yao, Yao Shi Yao, Sou Yao, Ye Tian Men Dong, Bai Nai, Jiu Cong Gen, Jiu Chong Gen, Yi Wo Hu, Jiu Shi Jiu Tiao Gen, Shan Bai Gen, Niu Shi Gui, Bai Bu Gen, Bai Bing, Yu Xiao, Jian Gan |
Functions | Moistens the lungs and stops cough; Kills parasites and lice. Indicated for new and chronic cough; pulmonary tuberculosis; whooping cough; pinworm disease; body lice; tinea and scabies. |
First Recorded In | “Bencao Jing Jizhu” |
Toxicity | |
Meridian Entry | Lung Meridian |
Nature | Warm |
Taste | Sweet, Bitter |
Basic Information
[Source] Bai Bu (“Bencao Jing Jizhu”)[Other Names] Sou Yao (Tao Hongjing), Bai Tiao Gen, Ye Tian Men Dong, Bai Nai (“Yang’s Experience Formula”), Jiu Cong Gen (“Herbal Formulas for Common Plants”), Jiu Chong Gen (“Classified Herbal Properties”), Yi Wo Hu (“Jiangsu Plant Medicine Record”), Jiu Shi Jiu Tiao Gen (“Chinese Agricultural Pesticide Record”), Shan Bai Gen (“Chinese Herbal Record”), Niu Shi Gui (“Min Dong Bencao”).[Source] This product is the dried tuber of the Bai Bu family plants: Stemona sessilifolia (Miq.) Miq., Stemona japonica (Bl.) Miq., or Stemona tuberosa Lour.[Taste and Meridian Entry] Sweet, Bitter, slightly warm. Enters the Lung Meridian.[Functions and Indications]Moistens the lungs, descends qi, stops cough, and kills parasites. Used for new and chronic cough, pulmonary tuberculosis cough, whooping cough; externally for head lice, body lice, pinworm disease, and genital itching.Honey Bai Bu moistens the lungs and stops cough. Used for Yin deficiency cough.[Applications]1. Used for general cough, persistent cough, whooping cough, and pulmonary tuberculosis cough. Combined with Zi Wan, Kuan Dong Hua, Huang Qin, Bai Ji for use.2. Used for pinworm disease and head lice, body lice in humans and animals.[Dosage] Decoction, 3-9g. For external use, appropriate amount, decocted in water or soaked in wine.
Species Verification
This product was first recorded in “Ming Yi Bie Lu”, classified as a medium-grade herb. Tao Hongjing stated: “Its roots are connected in dozens, resembling Tian Men Dong but are more bitter and strong, yet anciently different.” “Bencao Tujing” states: “Spring sprouts, vine-like, with large and pointed leaves, somewhat resembling bamboo leaves, green and shiny on the surface, roots form clusters like taro, each cluster has fifteen or sixteen pieces, yellowish-white, harvested in February, March, and August, dried for use.” The above description corresponds with the original plant of Stemona japonica. “Bencao Tujing” includes images of “Chuzhou Bai Bu”, “Hengzhou Bai Bu” and others. Chuzhou Bai Bu is indeed Stemona sessilifolia, Hengzhou Bai Bu closely resembles Stemona tuberosa, and Xiazhou Bai Bu is Asparagus filicinus Bucnh.-Ham.ex D.Don from the lily family. The Bai Bu recorded in the herbal texts is primarily Stemona japonica, historically used as a lice killer and cough remedy.Verification: From “Bencao Jing Jizhu”.1. Tao Hongjing: Bai Bu is found everywhere in the mountains and fields, with roots connected in dozens, resembling Tian Men Dong but more bitter. It also primarily eliminates lice; boiling it in soup can remove lice from cattle and dogs. “Boweizhi” states: There is a grass in Jiuzhen that resembles Bai Bu but grows larger; when dried over fire, take four or five inches at night, cut short, and swallow the juice, it is excellent for severe cough, named Sou Yao. It is suspected this is Bai Bu, fearing it grows larger in fertile soil.2. “Bencao Tujing”: Bai Bu roots were not previously found in the provinces, but now are present in Jiangsu, Hubei, Anhui, Shaanxi, and Shandong. Spring sprouts, vine-like, with large and pointed leaves, somewhat resembling bamboo leaves, green and shiny on the surface, roots form clusters like taro, each cluster has fifteen or sixteen pieces, yellowish-white. Harvested in February, March, and August, dried for use.3. “Gangmu”: Bai Bu also has fine leaves like Fennel. Its stem is green and tender, and can also be cooked when young. Its longer roots are nearly a foot long, but when dried, they become thin and lack moisture. When fresh, split open and dry. Zheng Qiao’s “Tongzhi” states the leaves resemble Yam, which is incorrect.4. “Plant Names and Realities”: Bai Bu is classified as a medium-grade herb in “Bie Lu”, “Bencao Shiyi” states that many people use Tian Men Dong instead of Bai Bu. The seedlings and leaves from Jiangxi are exactly as described in “Tujing”, and Zheng Qiao’s claim that the leaves resemble yam is also close. Li Shizhen believed there are fennel-leaved varieties, fearing it was confused with Tian Men Dong, which is an overstatement! It blooms in autumn with four pointed greenish-white flowers.
Original Plants
Stemona japonica, also known as Bai Bu Cao (“Pa Po Zi”), Po Fu Cao (“Rihua Zi Bencao”), and vine Bai Bu. A perennial herb, 60-90 cm tall, smooth and hairless. The roots are fleshy, usually spindle-shaped, clustered in several to dozens. The upper stem is vine-like with longitudinal ridges. Leaves are usually in whorls of four; ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 3-9 cm long, 1.5-4 cm wide, with a sharp or gradually pointed tip, entire or slightly wavy, base rounded or nearly truncate, occasionally shallowly heart-shaped, with 5-9 main veins; petioles are linear, 1.5-2.5 cm long. Flower stalks are thread-like, 1.5-2.5 cm long, attached to the midrib of the leaf, usually with one flower per stalk; the calyx has four lobes, pale green, ovate-lanceolate to ovate; stamens four, purple, with short filaments, anthers directed inward, linear, with a linear appendage at the tip; the ovary is ovate, very small, without a style. The capsule is broadly ovate and flattened; contains several long oval seeds. Flowering period is in May. Fruiting period is in July. Grows in sunny slopes under shrubs or bamboo forests. Distributed in Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, and Shaanxi.S. sessilifolia is a perennial herb, 30-60 cm tall. The stem is erect, unbranched, with longitudinal ridges. Leaves are usually in whorls of 3-4, occasionally 5; ovate, ovate-elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, 3.5-5.5 cm long, 1.8-3.8 cm wide, with a sharp or gradually pointed tip, base wedge-shaped, with usually 5 veins, particularly prominent in the middle three; with short petioles or nearly none. Flowers are axillary, mostly near the lower part of the stem in scale-like bracts; flower stalks are long and slender, erect or oblique. Flowering period is in March-April. Grows in mountainous forests or bamboo forests. Distributed in Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi.S. tuberosa is a perennial climbing herb, reaching up to 5 meters. The tuberous roots are fleshy, spindle-shaped or cylindrical, 15-30 cm long. The upper stem is twining. Leaves are usually opposite; broadly ovate, 8-30 cm long, 2.5-10 cm wide, with a shallow heart-shaped base, entire or slightly wavy, with 7-11 veins; petioles are 4-6 cm long. Flowers are axillary; below the flowers are one lanceolate bract; the calyx has four lobes, lanceolate, yellow-green with purple veins. The capsule is inverted ovate and flattened. Flowering period is in May-June. Grows in sunny shrub forests. Distributed in Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan. Additionally, there are related species such as fine-flowered Bai Bu (Hainan) and narrow-leaved Bai Bu (Lijiang, Yunnan), which are also used medicinally.
Chemical Components
The tubers contain various alkaloids. For S. japonica: roots contain Bai Bu alkaloid, Bai Bu Ding alkaloid, Iso-Bai Bu Ding alkaloid, Yuan Bai Bu alkaloid, Bai Bu Ning alkaloid, and Hua Bai Bu alkaloid. For S. sessilifolia: roots contain Bai Bu alkaloid, Yuan Bai Bu alkaloid, Bai Bu Ding alkaloid, Iso-Bai Bu Ding alkaloid, S. tuberosa alkaloid, Huo Duo Lin alkaloid, and S. sessilifolia alkaloid. For S. tuberosa: roots contain Bai Bu alkaloid, S. tuberosa alkaloid, Iso-S. tuberosa alkaloid, Si Ting Ning alkaloid, and Oxy-S. tuberosa alkaloid. Also contains 2.32% sugars, 0.84% lipids, 9.25% proteins, 12.1% ash, as well as acetic acid, formic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, and oxalic acid.
Medicinal Materials
1. The tubers of S. japonica and S. sessilifolia are slightly spindle-shaped, straight or slightly curved, with tapered ends, about 4-18 cm long and approximately 1 cm in diameter. The surface is yellowish-white to earthy yellow, very wrinkled, with irregular deep longitudinal grooves and ridges. The texture is hard and easily broken. The cross-section is slightly waxy, pale yellowish-white to dark brown, with a flattened central column. The aroma is faint, with a taste that is sweet at first and then bitter. The best quality is thick, plump, firm, and white. Mainly produced in Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong; also produced in parts of Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, and Sichuan.2. The roots of S. tuberosa are larger, about 12-25 cm long, 1-2 cm in diameter, with shallower longitudinal wrinkles. The texture is harder. The break surface is slightly waxy, with a white central column. The best quality is plump and yellowish-white. Mainly produced in Hubei, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan; also produced in parts of Guangdong, Anhui, Hunan, and Guizhou, Fujian, Taiwan. In some areas of Yunnan and Sichuan, roots of lily family plants such as Asparagus filicinus are used as Bai Bu, named Tu Bai Bu; in Guangxi, roots of Juniperus are used as Bai Bu, named Xiao Bai Bu.Bai Bu Decoction
Identification
(1) The cross-section of this product: the roots of S. sessilifolia are covered with 3-4 rows of cells, with walls that are suberized and lignified, with dense fine stripes. The cortex is relatively wide. The central column has 19-27 bundles of phloem and xylem, arranged alternately, with a few non-lignified fibers inside the phloem bundles; the xylem bundles have 2-5 vessels, with fibers and tracheids, the vessels are mostly polygonal, with a radial diameter of about 48μm, occasionally extending into the pith. The pith has a few small fibers. The roots of S. japonica are covered with 3-6 rows of cells. The phloem fibers are lignified. The vessel diameter is about 184μm, usually extending into the pith, arranged in 2-3 whorls with the outer vessel bundles. The roots of S. tuberosa are covered with 3 rows of cells, with no fine stripes on the cell walls, and the inner layer of cells has thick inner walls. The outer cortex has scattered fibers, quadrangular, with slightly lignified walls. The central column has 36-40 bundles of phloem. The xylem bundles have round polygonal vessels, with a diameter of up to 107μm, connected to fibers and slightly lignified parenchyma cells in a ring layer.(2) Take 5g of this product powder, add 50ml of 70% ethanol, heat and reflux for 1 hour, filter, evaporate the ethanol from the filtrate, and adjust the residue with concentrated ammonia solution to pH 10-11, then add 5ml of chloroform, shake to extract, and separate the chloroform layer, evaporate to dryness, and dissolve the residue in 5ml of 1% hydrochloric acid solution, filter. Divide the filtrate into two parts, one part adds potassium iodide solution, producing an orange-red precipitate; the other part adds silicotungstic acid solution, producing a milky white precipitate.
Pharmacological Effects
1. Antibacterial Effects: In vitro experiments with Bai Bu (species not identified) decoction and alcohol extract of S. tuberosa showed inhibitory effects on various pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, beta-hemolytic streptococcus, Neisseria meningitidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Shigella, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli, with varying degrees of antibacterial activity. The water extract of S. japonica has certain inhibitory effects on some pathogenic fungi; however, there are also reports that it has no antifungal activity. Bai Bu (species unknown) can extend the lifespan of cultured Newcastle disease virus in chicken embryos to 36 hours.2. Insecticidal Effects: Water and alcohol extracts of S. japonica and other Bai Bu species (species not identified) have lethal effects on mosquito larvae, head lice, body lice, and bedbugs. High concentrations of Bai Bu (species unknown) can kill mouse pinworms in vitro.3. Other Effects: Injecting 1-1.5 ml of 1% iodine solution into the right pleural cavity of cats to induce pleurisy to cause coughing, administering Bai Bu (species not identified) decoction at 0.6-0.9 g/kg did not have a cough-suppressing effect. Bai Bu Ning alkaloid isolated from Bai Bu plants can cause convulsions similar to those induced by aconitine.
Processing
Bai Bu: Clean impurities, remove fibrous roots, wash, soak thoroughly, cut into sections, and dry in the sun. Honey Bai Bu: Take Bai Bu sections, use honey (12 jin of honey for 100 jin of Bai Bu sections) with an appropriate amount of boiling water to dissolve, mix well, let it sit for a while to absorb the honey water, then stir-fry in a pot over low heat until slightly yellow and not sticky, then take out and cool. “Leigong’s Processing Theory”: For using Bai Bu, split it with a bamboo knife, remove the heart and skin, and hang it under the eaves to dry in the wind. After the soil is dry, soak it in wine overnight, filter, and dry it finely.
Literature Summary
[Nature and Taste] Sweet, Bitter, slightly warm. 1. “Bie Lu”: slightly warm. 2. Tao Hongjing: resembles Tian Men Dong but is more bitter and has slight toxicity. 3. “Yao Xing Lun”: sweet taste, non-toxic. 4. “Rihua Zi Bencao”: bitter taste, non-toxic.[Meridian Entry] Enters the Lung Meridian. 1. “Dian Nan Bencao”: Enters the Lung. 2. “Bencao Xin Bian”: Enters the Lung Meridian, also enters the Spleen and Stomach.[Functions and Indications] Warms and moistens the lung qi, stops cough, and kills parasites. Treats wind-cold cough, whooping cough, pulmonary tuberculosis, elderly cough and wheezing, pinworm and roundworm diseases, skin scabies, and eczema. (1) Moistens the lungs and stops cough: Used for new and chronic cough, such as acute and chronic bronchitis, whooping cough, and pulmonary tuberculosis. Combined with Ma Huang and Apricot Kernel for treating children’s wind-cold cough and wheezing; combined with Zi Wan, Fritillaria, and Han Shui Shi for treating children’s lung-heat cough. (2) Kills lice and parasites: Used for head lice and body lice. Strong decoction for treating pinworm disease. 1. “Baopuzi”: Treats cough and kills parasites. 2. “Bie Lu”: Indicated for cough and shortness of breath. 3. Tao Hongjing: Bai Bu roasted and soaked in wine, taken as a drink treats cough and also eliminates lice. It is also indicated for severe cough. 4. “Yao Xing Lun”: Treats lung heat, shortness of breath, cough, and primarily moistens and benefits the lungs. 5. “Bencao Shiyi”: Roasted and soaked in wine, taken on an empty stomach, eliminates worms and insect bites, and treats scabies and sores. 6. “Rihua Zi Bencao”: Treats roundworm and pinworm diseases, and kills roundworms and pinworms. 7. “Dian Nan Bencao”: Moistens the lungs, treats lung heat cough, resolves phlegm, calms wheezing, and stops cough due to deficiency. 8. “Chinese Herbal Plant Record”: Combined with pig trotters for treating rheumatism. 9. Guangzhou Military Region “Common Chinese Herbal Medicine Manual”: Treats whooping cough, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchitis, dermatitis, eczema, urticaria, athlete’s foot, and amoebic dysentery.[Contraindications] “De Pei Bencao”: Avoid using in cases of heat cough, water deficiency, and fire inflammation.[Selected Formulas] 1. For treating lung cold obstruction cough with slight phlegm: Bai Bu 3 liang (stir-fried), Ma Huang, Apricot Kernel 40 pieces. Grind into powder, make honey pills the size of lotus seeds, take with hot water, add 50 pine nuts, and sugar pills, dissolve and swallow. (“Children’s Medicine Directives” Bai Bu Pills)2. For treating cold evil invading the skin and affecting the lungs, causing cough: Jiegeng 5 fen, Licorice (roasted) 5 fen, Bai Qian 1 qian 5 fen, Ju Hong 1 qian; Bai Bu 1 qian 5 fen, Zi Wan 1 qian 5 fen. Decoction for oral administration. (“Medical Heart Understanding” Cough Stopping Powder)3. For sudden cough: Fresh ginger juice and Bai Bu juice. Mix and decoct, take two portions. (“Supplementary Missing Elbow Formula”)4. For treating severe cough: Bai Bu vine root, pound for juice, mix with honey in equal parts, boil into a paste and swallow. (“Continuing Complete Form”)5. For treating severe cough: Bai Bu root soaked in wine, take one sheng warm, three times a day. (Zhang Wenzhong)6. For treating persistent cough with phlegm, leading to lung atrophy, afternoon fever, nasal congestion, stiff neck, and fullness in the sides, lying on the left side reduces cough, while lying on the right side increases cough, leading to severe wheezing: Bai Bu, Yi Yi Ren, Bai He, Mai Men Dong each 3 qian, Mulberry White Skin, Bai Fu Ling, Sha Shen, Huang Qi, Di Gu Pi each 1 qian 5 fen. Decoction for oral administration. (“Bencao Huiyan” Bai Bu Decoction)7. For treating thirty years of cough: Bai Bu root 20 jin, pound for juice, boil until syrupy, take one tablespoon three times a day. (“Qian Jin Fang”)8. For treating generalized yellow swelling: Dig fresh Bai Bu root, wash and pound, apply to the navel, with half a sheng of glutinous rice mixed with half a cup of wine, knead soft and cover the medicine, wrap with cloth, after one or two days, if there is a wine smell from the mouth, the swelling will reduce through urination. (“Yang’s Experience Formula”)9. For treating psoriasis: Bai Bu, Bai Xian Pi, Bi Ma Zi (shelled), He Shi, Huang Bai, Dang Gui, Sheng Di each 1 liang, Huang La 2 liang, Ming Xiong Huang powder 5 qian, Sesame Oil 8 liang. First, boil Bai Bu and the other seven herbs until dry, filter out the residue, then heat the oil until it drips into beads, add the wax, and test in water to ensure it does not dissolve, then pour into a ceramic basin for storage, and use as needed. (“Ten Methods of Surgery” Bai Bu Ointment)10. For treating earwax: Bai Bu (cut and roasted), pound and sieve into powder, apply with a drop of raw oil to the ear entrance. (“Sheng Ji Zong Lu”)(11) Cough: Soak Bai Bu root in wine, take one sheng warm three times a day. Another formula: use Bai Bu and fresh ginger, pound into equal parts, take two portions decocted. Another formula: pound Bai Bu vine root for juice, mix with honey in equal parts, boil into a paste and swallow.(12) Generalized yellow swelling: Use fresh Bai Bu root, wash, pound, apply to the navel, with half a sheng of glutinous rice mixed with half a cup of wine, knead soft, cover with cloth. After one or two days, if there is a wine smell from the mouth, the swelling will gradually reduce.(13) To eliminate lice: Grind Bai Bu and Qin Jiao into powder, burn to create smoke to drive away lice. Using the two herbs boiled in soup for washing is also effective.[Clinical Applications]1. For treating whooping cough, use 250 grams of Bai Bu to prepare 800 ml of syrup, for children, take 5 ml each time, every 4 hours; or use 10-15 ml of Bai Bu syrup three times a day for a week. It can also be dried and ground into powder, mixed with honey into pills the size of phoenix seeds, taken three times a day, for children under 1 year, 10 pills each time, for ages 2-4, 30 pills, for ages 5-8, 50 pills. Observations from over a hundred cases show an efficacy rate of over 85%, particularly effective during the spasm phase. Generally, effects can be seen within 2-4 days, with the fastest cure in about 3 days and the slowest in 15-19 days. For cases with complications, additional medications are required. Bai Bu syrup can also be used as a preventive medication. There are also reports of Bai Bu combined with other Chinese herbs in compound applications.2. For treating pulmonary tuberculosis, Bai Bu is dried and ground into powder, combined with young male chicken (not yet laying eggs) and boiled with water to make juice, mixed into pills (about 12 taels of chicken juice for every pound of Bai Bu powder). Take one qian, twice a day for 20-30 days as a course of treatment, and can continue as needed based on the condition. This formula is particularly effective for chronic pulmonary tuberculosis flare-ups, especially in cases where long-term use of Western anti-tuberculosis medications shows little effect. Observations from 153 cases show that most patients improve after one or two courses of treatment, with increased appetite and weight gain; X-ray re-examinations also show varying degrees of improvement. For rapidly progressing cases with severe symptoms or sedimentation rates exceeding 40 mm in the first hour, this medication is difficult to control and should not be used. After taking the medication, only a few cases reported dry throat, with no other adverse reactions found.3. For treating chronic bronchitis, Bai Bu is the main ingredient (6-8 qian per dose), combined with Licorice, Zi Wan, Bai Guo, Huang Qin, Ma Huang, and other formulas, treating 100 cases of elderly chronic bronchitis, with a total effective rate of 75% after one year of follow-up observation, with a preliminary cure rate of 25%, significant efficacy rate of 9%, and improvement rate of 41%. Cough relief can be felt within 1-2 days after taking the medication, with the highest effect appearing within 10 days. Male patients and those with wheezing types showed poorer results. A few cases reported mild reactions such as dry mouth, abdominal pain, and eyelid swelling, which did not affect treatment. Additionally, Bai Bu combined with equal amounts of Ma Huang and Apricot Kernel, made into pills (2 qian per pill), taken twice a day for 10 days, showed an efficacy rate of 88.3% in 181 cases observed during summer (clinical cure rate of 23.1%, significant efficacy rate of 21%, improvement rate of 44.2%). Generally, significant effects can be seen within 5-10 days.4. For treating pinworm disease, children take 1 liang of Bai Bu, boiled with water to make 30 ml (for adults, double the dosage), used as a retention enema around 11 PM for 10-12 days as a course of treatment. Observations from 133 cases show a cure rate of 62%. If combined with Shi Jun Zi powder and rhubarb soaking liquid for internal use, the efficacy can be significantly improved. Alternatively, using 20% Bai Bu decoction for retention enema, 30 ml each time, once a day for 7 times, most cases can be cured within one course of treatment. Another report of 52 cases used 5 liang of Bai Bu, combined with 2 liang of bitter neem bark and 3 qian of black plum, boiled with 800 ml of water to make 400 ml, with 20-30 ml used for retention enema before sleep, resulting in 51 cases cured. For convenience, it was later changed to 5 qian of Bai Bu, 1 liang of bitter neem bark, and 5 qian of He Shi, ground into powder and encapsulated, with one capsule inserted into the rectum before sleep for 7-10 days.5. For treating trichomonas vaginitis, use 2 liang of Bai Bu, boiled with 1000 ml of water to make 600 ml, for vaginal washing, followed by evenly spraying realgar powder into the vaginal folds. Once a day for 5 days as a course of treatment. Observations from 60 cases show that most were cured within one course of treatment, with a few requiring 2-3 courses. Average medication duration was 3-5 days, with significant reduction in vaginal secretions and disappearance of symptoms such as external itching. A few cases relapsed (mostly after menstruation or miscarriage), but could still be cured with re-treatment. Long-term effects are still under observation.6. For treating tinea, use 20 grams of Bai Bu, soaked in 100 ml of 50% alcohol for hours, filtered, and then add alcohol to 100 ml, after cleaning the affected area, use a cotton swab to apply the medicinal liquid. Mild cases can show effects in about 3-4 days. Additionally, Bai Bu can be made into a reagent for the Bai Bu white mist reaction test, diagnosing schistosomiasis, with a positive rate of 96.72% observed in 1091 schistosomiasis patients. Grows best in deep, fertile, well-drained humus soil.Disclaimer:The content on this site is added and organized by users for learning and reference purposes only. The information on the site may not be accurate, comprehensive, or up-to-date, and the content should not be the final basis for diagnosing or treating diseases.Shanhe Traditional Chinese Medicine Networkreminds users that if there are any physical discomforts, please seek medical attention promptly. Thank you for your support and love; we will strive to do better~!!!