Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)

Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)

干姜 (Gan Jiang)

Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)

别名 (Alias)

白姜 (Bai Jiang), 均姜 (Jun Jiang), 干生姜 (Gan Sheng Jiang).

来源 (Source)

为姜科植物姜的干燥根茎。冬季茎叶枯萎时挖取,去净茎叶、须根、泥沙,晒干或微火烘干。

性味 (Properties)

味辛 (spicy),性热 (warming)。

归经 (Meridians)

归脾 (Spleen), 胃 (Stomach), 肾 (Kidney), 心 (Heart), 肺 (Lung) 经。

用法用量 (Dosage)

内服 (Internal Use):煎汤 (decoction),3-10g;或入丸散 (pills or powders)。

外用 (External Use):适量 (appropriate amount),煎汤洗 (wash with decoction);或研末调敷 (powder for topical application)。

功能主治 (Functions and Indications)

温中散寒 (warm the middle and disperse cold);回阳通脉 (restore yang and open the channels);温肺化饮 (warm the lungs and transform phlegm)。主脘腹冷痛 (abdominal cold pain);呕吐 (vomiting);泄泻 (diarrhea),亡阳厥逆 (yang collapse and counterflow);寒饮喘咳 (cough due to cold phlegm);寒湿痹痛 (cold damp bi pain)。

Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)

各家论述 (Discussion from Various Schools)

《纲目》 (Compendium of Materia Medica):干姜,能引血药入血分、气药入气分。又能去恶养新,有阳生阴长之意,故血虚者用之。凡人吐血、衄血、下血,有阴无阳者,亦宜用之,乃热因热用,从治之法也。

《本经》 (Shennong’s Herbal Classic):主胸满咳逆上气,温中,止血,出汗,逐风湿痹,肠僻下痢。生者尤良。

《日华子本草》 (Bencao Gangmu): 消痰下气 (resolve phlegm and descend qi),治转筋吐泻 (treat cramps and vomiting diarrhea),腹藏冷 (abdominal cold),反胃干呕 (reflux and dry retching),瘀血 (stasis),扑损 (injuries),止鼻洪 (stop nasal bleeding),解冷热毒 (resolve cold and heat toxins),开胃 (stimulate appetite),消宿食 (eliminate food stagnation)。

《医学入门》 (Introduction to Medicine):炮姜 (Pao Jiang),温脾胃 (warm the spleen and stomach),治里寒水泄 (treat internal cold and watery diarrhea),下痢肠僻 (diarrhea and intestinal obstruction),久疟 (chronic malaria),霍乱 (cholera),心腹冷痛胀满 (cold pain and distension in the heart and abdomen),止鼻衄 (stop nasal bleeding),唾血 (spit blood),血痢 (bloody diarrhea),崩漏 (abnormal uterine bleeding)。

《本草正》 (Corrected Materia Medica):下元虚冷,而为腹疼泻痢,专宜温补者,当以干姜炒黄用之。若产后虚热,虚火盛而唾血、痢血者,炒焦用之。若炒至黑炭,已失姜性矣。其亦用以止血者,用其黑涩之性已耳。若阴盛格阳、火不归元及阳虚不能摄血,而为吐血、衄血、下血者,但宜炒熟留性用之,最为止血之要药。

《本草经疏》 (Commentary on Materia Medica):炮姜,辛可散邪理结,温可除寒通气,故主胸满咳逆上气,温中出汗,逐风湿痹,下痢因于寒冷,止腹痛。其言止血者,盖血虚则发热,热则血妄行,干姜炒黑,能引诸补血药入阴分,血得补则阴生而热退,血不妄行矣。治肠僻,亦其义也。

Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)

验方精选 (Selected Formulas)

Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)

治卒心痛 (Treat Sudden Chest Pain):

干姜末 (Gan Jiang powder),温酒服方寸匕,须臾,六、七服,瘥。(《补缺肘后方》)

治中寒水泻 (Treat Cold Water Diarrhea):

干姜(炮)研末,饮服二钱。(《千金方》)

治头目旋晕吐逆 (Treat Dizziness and Vomiting):

川干姜二两(炮),甘草一两(炙赤色)。上二味,为粗末。每服四、五钱,用水二盏,煎至八分,食前热服。(《传信适用方》止逆汤)

治妊娠呕吐不止 (Treat Persistent Vomiting in Pregnancy):

干姜、人参各一两,半夏二两。上三味,末之,以生姜汁糊为丸,如梧子大。每服十丸,日三服。(《金匮要略》干姜人参半夏丸)

治脾寒疟疾 (Treat Spleen Cold Malaria):

(一)干姜、高良姜等分。为末。每服一钱,水一盏,煎至七分服。

(二)干姜炒黑为末,临发时以温酒服三钱匕。(《外台》)

治寒痢青色 (Treat Cold Dysentery with Greenish Stool):

干姜切豆大,海米饮服六、七枚,日三夜一。(《补缺肘后方》)

治吐血不止 (Treat Persistent Hematemesis):

干姜为末,童子小便调服一钱。(《千金方》)

治暴赤眼 (Treat Sudden Red Eyes):

白姜末,水调,贴脚心。(《普济方》)

治痈疽初起 (Treat Initial Stage of Carbuncles):

干姜一两。炒紫,研末,醋调敷周围,留头。(《诸症辨疑》)

治伤寒下之后,复发汗,昼日烦躁不得眠,夜而安静,不呕不渴,无表证,脉沉微,身无太热者 (Treat Post-Illness Symptoms):

干姜一两,附子一枚(生用,去皮,切八片)。二味以水三升,煮取一升,去滓,顿服。(《伤寒论》干姜附子汤)

治吐、下血 (Treat Hematemesis and Hematochezia):

当归、阿胶各八分,川芎五分,蒲黄一钱,柏叶一钱五分,炒姜炭七分。上水煎,百草霜末点服。(《观聚方要补》断红饮)

Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)

注意事项 (Precautions)

阴虚内热、血热妄行者忌服 (Avoid for those with yin deficiency and internal heat, or blood heat causing reckless movement).

孕妇慎服 (Use with caution in pregnant women).

建议在医生指导下使用 (Use under the guidance of a physician).

版权声明 (Copyright Statement):文章综合自中国中医药报、《中药大辞典》,版权归原作者所有,侵权即删。

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【收藏】江西省中医药就医路线来了! (Collection: Jiangxi Province TCM Medical Route is Here!)

江西中医药大学附属医院门诊部 (Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Outpatient Department)编辑:万里红 (Wan Lihong)审核:张玉红 (Zhang Yuhong) 孟书帆 (Meng Shufan)投稿邮箱:[email protected]联系电话:0791—86361236欢迎大家积极来稿 (We welcome contributions from everyone)Daily Herb: Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang)

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