Chen Mai (Deep Pulse) refers to a pulse that is felt with a heavy hand pressing down to the muscle, between the tendons and bones. There are two aspects to consider: the division of Yin and Yang as well as Cold and Heat within the deep pulse, which is a secret that few understand.
If the deep pulse is strong and forceful, it indicates the foundation of Yangming. When the exterior symptoms are resolved and heat enters the interior, symptoms such as aversion to cold and headache are alleviated, leading to a sensation of heat, a desire to uncover clothing, and restlessness with symptoms like thirst or tidal fever with sweating. In such cases, Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) may be used for mild cases, while San Cheng Qi Tang (Three-Ingredient Decoction to Order the Qi) is indicated for more severe cases.
If the deep pulse is slow and weak, it indicates Cold. There are no exterior symptoms of headache, no fever, and no thirst. Initially, there may be an aversion to cold, with cold limbs and a tendency to curl up. Accompanying symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, or shivering, with a pale complexion or foamy white saliva. These are signs of true cold in the Yin channels. For mild cases, Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) is appropriate, while for severe cases, Jiang Fu Si Ni Tang (Ginger and Aconite Decoction for Reversal) should be used to warm the body.
In cases of Shanghan (Febrile Disease) where the deep pulse is differentiated into Yin and Yang, careful observation is essential. The administration of herbs must not be hasty; any mistakes will lead to blame falling upon oneself. When diagnosing the pulse, it is necessary to divide it into three sections and nine positions. Each section must first be assessed with a light touch on the skin to observe three movements. The middle section is examined with a slightly heavier touch just beneath the skin, above the muscle, to observe three movements. The deep section is assessed with a heavy hand beneath the muscle, above the tendons and bones, to observe three movements. Thus, three times three results in nine positions. This allows for understanding the depth and nature of the illness, guiding treatment. How can one neglect the pulse and expect to find the source of the illness? The art of pulse diagnosis is subtle; it requires a harmonious connection between the heart and the fingers, leading to natural efficacy. Those who misdiagnose and recklessly practice medicine, treating human life as insignificant, will inevitably face divine retribution; I do not believe in such practices.
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